Abstract:
Phaleria macrocarpa is well known as one of Indonesian medicinal plants. Some previous studies showed that P. macrocarpa fruit contained a number of bioactive compounds that had high antioxidant content. The bioactive compounds can be harvested by solid-liquid extraction method. In this study, the extraction process of bioactive compounds from P. macrocarpa fruit using acetone 70%-(v/v) in 1 Liter batch extractor was optimized using Response Surface Method by varying temperature and feed to solvent ratio (F:S) according to central composite design with 5 center points. Five temperatures (24.5 oC - 48.5 oC) and five F:S (0.020 - 0.049) variations were investigated. Observed responses were the yield of oleoresin (analyzed gravimetrically) and antioxidant activity (as DPPH equivalent). The experimental data were then fitted to a quadratic response surface model using multiple regression analysis. Interaction effect between temperature and F:S was found against both yield and DPPH equivalent. Extraction yield obtained ranged between 37.0% and 41.4%, whereas DPPH equivalent ranged from 1,067 to 1,957 μmol DPPH/mg oleoresin. The optimum extraction conditions which gave the highest yield (39.8%) and DPPH equivalent (1,952) μmol DPPH/mg oleoresin) obtained from Design Expert were at 48.2 oC and F:S of 0.024 gr/mL.
