Activated Carbon from Citric Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Carbonization and Chemical Activation of Salacca Peel as Potential Electrode for Lithium Ion Capacitor’s Cathode

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dc.contributor.author Susanti, Ratna Frida
dc.contributor.author Arie, Arenst Andreas
dc.contributor.author Kristianto, Hans
dc.contributor.author Erico, Marcelinus
dc.contributor.author Kevin, Gerardus
dc.contributor.author Devianto, Hary
dc.date.accessioned 2019-11-05T04:58:39Z
dc.date.available 2019-11-05T04:58:39Z
dc.date.issued 2019
dc.identifier.issn 0947-7047
dc.identifier.other artsc448
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/9558
dc.description JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCE; Vol.25 Issue 8, August 2019. p. 3915-3925. en_US
dc.description.abstract Activated carbon (AC) has been utilized for various applications including as an electrode for supercapacitor, i.e., electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) as well as hybrid capacitor such as lithium ion capacitor. In this research, salacca peel was used as a raw material for AC. It was chosen among other biomass wastes because it is abundant and is still considered as a waste. The hydrothermal carbonization was conducted at 5 MPa, temperature of 200–250 °C, and 5 h in subcritical water, which is a green dehydrating agent. The effect of parameters (temperature and addition of citric acid as a catalyst) on the hydrochar and AC product was investigated. The hydrochar from hydrothermal carbonization was activated by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an activated agent to enhance the surface area and porosity. The morphology of both hydrochar and AC was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), its chemical transformation was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) while the surface area and pore size distribution were measured by nitrogen adsorption at 77.35 K. The electrochemical performance of activated carbon from salacca peel as well as commercial activated carbon using a coin cell in a Li half-cell system was evaluated by CV, GCD, and EIS. The results show that the presence of citric acid contributes to higher specific capacitance in the rate performance test of LIC at different current density as well as in long rate stability test. en_US
dc.description.uri https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11581-019-02904-x
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Springer en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCE;Vol.25 Issue 8, August 2019.
dc.subject CITRIC ACID en_US
dc.subject ACTIVATED CARBON en_US
dc.subject LITHIUM ION CAPACITOR en_US
dc.subject SUBCRITICAL WATER en_US
dc.subject HYDROCHAR en_US
dc.subject SALACCA PEEL en_US
dc.title Activated Carbon from Citric Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Carbonization and Chemical Activation of Salacca Peel as Potential Electrode for Lithium Ion Capacitor’s Cathode en_US
dc.type Journal Articles en_US


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