The Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Firms Profitability (Evidence From Fast Moving Consumer Good Firms Listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange)

Abstract

The performance of a business could not be separated from the influence of macroeconomic factors. Global economic crisis occurred in 1998, 2008, and 2015 had a significant impact on the performance of all business sectors. The main purpose of this study is to determine the influence of macroeconomic factors which are: inflation rate, unemployment level, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and exchange rate on firm profitability which is reflected by Return on Asset (ROA) ratio. This study uses macroeconomic factors as independent variables, and ROA ratio as dependent variable. Using multiple regression method, the four macro-economic factors and ROA ratio from fast moving consumer good firms listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) are tested over the period of 1998-2016 on yearly base. As a result, it is found that all independent variables have influence on ROA ratio (firm profitability) and partial t-test result showed that only Gross Domestic Product (GDP) level has influenced significantly on firm profitability, while other three macroeconomic factors have no significant influence.