Paratransit Transport in Indonesia: Characteristics and User Perceptions

Abstract

Paratransit, well known as Angkutan Kota (Angkot) in Indonesia, has been a major public transport mode in most developing countries. This mode offers public a frequent and flexible service, regulated via a micro cooperation, and operation, and operated freely by individuals. The study aims to elaborate the characteristics and user perceptions on the service attributes of angkot. Data was collected from three Indonesian major metropolitan areas: Bandung, Jakarta, and Yogyakarta. Results show that angkot has a specific market segment. Users experienced that the services received less than their expectation. Security in using the mode has been the priority concern for passengers in all three cities. Angkot shelters need to boeimproved, organized, and maintained properly to provide acceptable service to passengers. Size and economic development of a city may influence the level of service delivered by operators and/or perceived by respondents.