Pembingkaian (framing) kampung-kota dalam urbanitas di Indonesia

Abstract

Kampong-kota is a physical and social reality of Indonesian cities which can accommodates majority of urban dwellers although its existence recurrently is mistreated. Thus kampong-kota is an inseperable part of the city and has contributed in shaping the urbanity in Indonesia. Despite the fact that the Kampong phenomena has attracted a significant number of studies (e.g. Krausse, G.H., Haryadi, l989; Jellinek, L., l99l; Sumantri, G.R., 1995), investigations are rarely undertaken on its spatial or architectural aspects in order to make clear the relationship between kampong-kota and the city at whole. Through colonialism the ideology of modern urban planning and design attained to the third world countries. The modern urban planning and design which underscores, (industrial) rational approach tends to dichotomize between modernity and local tradition where modernity (universalism/international style) will replace tradition. From the modernist's viewpoint the morphological characteristics and spontaneous development of kampong is considered chaotic and unorganized. Hence, the praxis of modern urban planning in Indonesia ignores the role of kampong-kota in reproducing urbanity. The-study employs morphology approach to analyze physical framing of two kampongs in the city center of Bandung. The study points out that spatial configuration of kampong is dictated by boundary-between kampong and "kota" rather than natural features such as river and topography. This leads into inward framing process. While kampong is physically framed, the spatial permeability of kampong is maintain through so many entrances linking kampong with the city.