Natural dyes extraction from mangosteen skin

Abstract

Mangosteen skin can be used as natural coloration because it contains anthosianin pigment as cyanidin-3-sophoroside, and cyanidin-3-glucoside with red color at certain PH. The purposes of this research were to know on thetemperature and kind of solvent that influenced in mangosteen peel extraction and to know the stability of the extracted pigment. This research was consist of two steps, the first was extraction of the pigment of mangosteen peel with different solvents (water, ethanol, and acidified ethanol) and temperature (30°C, 50°C, and 70°C), then the extract was evaporated in a vacuum evaporator and dried in a vacuum oven. The second step was stability testing of the pigment which was done with different treatments; (1) Storage influences on cold condition (refrigerator) and room condition; (2) pH influences (1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12); (3) Sunlight influences; (4) H2O2 oxidator influence. Extraction with water at 7rfC produced the highest yield product of 19.9%, while the highest color concentration was obtained at 50°C temperature of extraction. The stability testing results showed that the pigment of the mangosteen has poor stability in storage condition, pH, sunlight, and oxidator addition.