Urban water supply management index : case study Pontianak City

Abstract

Pontianak city has dominated by the swamp and peatland that have a poor quality of water. The peat water cannot be used as a drinking water, but only for domestic purposes. In order to adapt to this condition, many houses in Pontianak were designed to harvest rainwater for drinking and domestic purposes. The small-scale collection of rainwater from the roofs or simple gutters into traditional wood tandon (reservoir) or ceramic tandon has been practiced in Pontianak for many years. Meanwhile, public water supply enterprises (PDAM) need to fulfill fresh water need with the utilization of Kapuas River as a raw water source, but the quality and availability of water supply sometimes poor to every connection. The data from PDAM indicates that water supply has cover 80,8% of demand, yet it is contradictive with the data gained from EHRA Report that represents 90,10 % people use rainwater as a drinking water and the data from BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) or Central Agency on Statistics of Pontianak City revealing that only 0,17% of the water supply use for drinking water. To increase water supply service, municipality should ensure the availability and the quality of water supply. Urban water supply management as a part of Integrated of Urban Water Management should be developed to increase water supply security. The development of Urban Water Supply Management index (UWSM) which consists of 4 classification, i.e. poor, good, and excellent could be used to monitor and evaluate the progress of the city in improving their water supply security. Urban Water Supply Management index for Pontianak City is 2.63 which belongs to criteria of satisfactory.