The Effect of Public Park Boundary Order on the Environmental Control of Local Government Central Office: A Case Study of City Halls in Bandung, Surabaya, and Semarang

Abstract

The existence of park facilities as a public open space has become a common developmental phenomenon directed towards creating a space for interactions within a community. This function is inseparable from the historical value of parks since the colonial era when it was used as the green open space. In reality, park facilities are now not only constructed in city enclaves but also in formal environments such as government offices as observed in the City Hall complex in Bandung, Surabaya, and Semarang in Indonesia. However, the availability of two facilities including offices and parks in an area has the ability to raise boundary issues due to the accommodation of informal activities in public parks and the need to ensure environmental control at the local government center office which is used for formal activities. This is, therefore, the focus of this study using descriptive qualitative methods through a theory-based interpretation. This involved observing the physical, spatial, and landscape transformations to analyze the ownership and placement of spatial boundary elements affecting the spatial zone and user movement patterns. The results showed that the City Halls in Bandung, Surabaya, and Semarang indicate the existence of public park facilities in office areas has the ability to produce variants of formal and informal structures and relationships with implications on controlling structures and systems of the office environment.